Asthma Care: Mastering Inhaler Techniques & Asthma Action Plans
Asthma triggers can be controlled. Learn why correct inhaler technique is vital and how to manage acute symptoms using spacers.
Asthma is a chronic inflammatory condition of the airways that affects over 5 million people in the United Kingdom. During an asthma flare-up, the muscles surrounding the airways contract, the lining becomes inflamed and swollen, and excess mucus is produced, causing breathing difficulties. While modern asthma treatments are highly effective, clinical studies show that up to 70% of patients do not use their inhalers correctly, leading to poorly managed symptoms.
Reliever vs. Preventer Inhalers
Understanding the distinct roles of your daily control medication and your emergency rescue inhaler is essential for maintaining asthma control:
| Inhaler Type | Typical Color | Active Drug Mechanism | Clinical Use Cases |
|---|---|---|---|
| Reliever Inhaler | Blue | Short-acting beta-2 agonist (Salbutamol) | Provides rapid relief for sudden shortness of breath or asthma attacks by relaxing airway muscles. |
| Preventer Inhaler | Brown, Orange or Red | Inhaled Corticosteroid (Beclometasone / Fluticasone) | Reduces chronic inflammation and sensitivity. Must be used daily, even when feeling well. |
Step-by-Step MDI Inhaler Technique
Using a Metered Dose Inhaler (MDI) correctly ensures the active medication reaches your lungs rather than depositing at the back of your throat. Follow this step-by-step technique:
- Preparation: Remove the mouthpiece cover and shake the inhaler vigorously for 5 seconds to mix the propellant and medication.
- Positioning: Sit or stand upright, tilt your head back slightly, and exhale fully away from the mouthpiece.
- Actuation & Inhalation: Place the mouthpiece between your teeth (without biting) and close your lips around it. Begin to breathe in slowly and deeply, then press the canister down once to release the dose.
- Holding Breath: Continue breathing in steadily, remove the inhaler from your mouth, and hold your breath for 10 seconds (or as long as comfortable) to allow the medication to settle in your lungs. Exhale gently.
The Role of Spacer Devices
A spacer is a hollow chamber that attaches to your MDI inhaler. When you spray the inhaler into the spacer, the medication is suspended inside, allowing you to inhale it slowly over several breaths. Spacers make inhalers much easier to use, particularly for children, and reduce the risk of side effects like oral thrush by preventing the medication from collecting in the mouth.
Visit any Wise Pharmacy branch for a free inhaler technique check. Our pharmacists are happy to demonstrate correct technique and help you develop an Asthma Action Plan.
